Combine the flour, baking powder, baking soda, salt, thyme, sage, and cayenne pepper in a medium mixing bowl and set aside.
Grate the cheese and butter using the large shredding disk of a food processor or the large side of a box grater.
Immediately add the cheese and butter to the flour mixture.
Stir to combine.
Pour in the buttermilk and stir just to combine.
Dump the dough onto a floured work surface and start folding the dough over on itself, gently kneading for 30 seconds, or until the dough is soft and smooth.
Press the dough into a 1/2-inch thick round.
Use a 3-inch round cutter to cut out the biscuits, being sure to push the cutter straight down through the dough to the work surface. Make your cuts as close together as possible to limit waste.
Gather together any remaining dough, pat out again, and cut out as many biscuits as you can in order to get 9 total.